Nominated Substances

A

Abrasive Blasting Agents
    Coal Slag
    Crushed Glass
    Garnet
    Sand
    Specular Hematite
    Steel Grit
CASRN: [N/A]
Nominator: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
Rationale: High production volume and widespread occupational exposure; lack of adequate health effects information; data needed to establish safe exposure limits.
BSC Review Meeting: September 17, 2002
Supporting Documentation

Acetyl-L-Carnitine Hydrochloride and Α-Lipoic Acid
CASRN: [5080-50-2] [62-46-4]
Nominator: National Cancer Institute
Rationale: Consumer exposure through increasing dietary supplement use; lack of adequate toxicological data.
BSC Review Meeting: August 18, 2005
Supporting Documentation

Acrylamide and Glycidamide
CASRN: [79-06-1] [5694-00-8]
Nominator: Food and Drug Administration
Rationale: Inadequate information available to accurately assess human health risks from exposure to acrylamide in foodstuffs; a properly designed well-conducted, GLP-compliant bioassay with appropriate ancillary studies is needed to provide dose response information and account for the food matrix through which humans are exposed.
BSC Review Meeting: September 10, 2003
Supporting Documentation

Alkylanilines
    2-Ethylaniline
    3-Ethylaniline
    3,5-Dimethylaniline
CASRN: [578-54-1] [587-02-0] [108-69-0]
Nominator: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
Rationale: Potential for human exposure from a variety of industrial and ambient sources; suspicion of toxicity based on chemical structure; insufficient data to characterize toxicity of this aniline subclass.
BSC Review Meeting: July 23, 2009
Supporting Documentation

Aluminum Complexes Found in Drinking Water
    Aluminum fluoride
    Aluminum citrate
CASRN: [7784-18-1] [31142-56-0]
Nominator: Environmental Protection Agency, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
Rationale: Drinking water contaminants with a high health research priority; known neurotoxicity of aluminum; need for better understanding of pharmacokinetics and toxicity of aluminum species occurring in drinking water.
BSC Review Meeting: May 24, 2000
Supporting Documentation

5-Amino-o-Cresol
CASRN: [2835-95-2]
Nominator: National Cancer Institute
Rationale: widely used in permanent hair dyes; some evidence of toxicity; lack of carcinogenicity data.
BSC Review Meeting: September 17, 2002
Supporting Documentation

Aminopyridines
    2-Aminopyridine
    3-Aminopyridine
    4-Aminopyridine
CASRN: [504-29-0] [462-08-8] [504-24-5]
Nominator: National Cancer Institute
Rationale: Moderate production and use; acutely toxic; lack of adequate toxicological data; suspicion of toxicity and carcinogenicity based on structure.
BSC Review Meeting: December 6, 2007
Supporting Documentation
Research Concept

Antimony Trioxide
CASRN: [1309-64-4]
Nominator: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
Rationale: Significant human exposure in occupational settings and lack of adequate two-year exposure carcinogenicity studies.
BSC Review Meeting: August 18, 2005
Supporting Documentation

Antimony Trisulfide
CASRN: [1345-04-6]
Nominator: National Cancer Institute
Rationale: Significant human exposure in occupational settings and suspicion of carcinogenicity.
BSC Review Meeting: September 10, 2003
Supporting Documentation

Apigenin
CASRN: [520-36-5]
Nominator: National Cancer Institute
Rationale: Naturally occurring flavonoid with potential oxidant and estrogenic activity; lack of toxicity information.
BSC Review Meeting: May 25, 2001
Supporting Documentation

Arbutin
CASRN: [497-76-7]
Nominator: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
Rationale: Consumer exposure through food, cosmetics and dietary supplements; lack of adequate toxicological data; suspicion of toxicity based on chemical structure.
BSC Review Meeting: June 13, 2006
Supporting Documentation

Artificial Butter Flavoring Mixture and Certain Components
    Acetoin
    Diacetyl
CASRN: [513-86-0] [431-03-8]
Nominator: United Food and Commercial Workers International Union
Rationale: Evidence of lung disease in exposed workers and respiratory toxicity in short-term animal toxicity studies.
BSC Review Meeting: December 6, 2007
Supporting Documentation
Research Concept 

Asbestos, Naturally Occurring and Atypical Forms
CASRN: [1332-21-4]
Nominator: National Center for Environmental Health/Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry; Environmental Protection Agency
Rationale: Widespread community exposure in certain geographic locales; insufficient dose-response data to characterize risk from exposure to "unregulated" asbestiform mineral fibers and naturally occurring fibrous mineral "mixtures".
BSC Review Meeting: December 6, 2007
Supporting Documentation
Research Concept 

B

Bilberry Fruit Extract
CASRN: [84082-34-8]
Nominator: National Cancer Institute
Rationale: Widespread human exposure through use as a dietary supplement (lack of toxicity).
BSC Review Meeting: May 24, 2000
Supporting Documentation

Bisphenol AF
CASRN: [1478-61-1]
Nominator: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
Rationale: Widespread occurrence and persistence in the environment; suspicion of toxicity based on anti-androgenic activity; lack of adequate toxicity data.
BSC Review Meeting: November 20, 2008
Supporting Documentation

Bisphenol S
CASRN: [80-09-1]
Nominator: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Environmental Protection Agency
Rationale: Extensive use coinciding with high potential for human exposure and endocrine activity augmented by limited toxicity data.
BSC Review Meeting: June 18, 2014
Supporting Documentation

Bitter Orange Extract
CASRN: [N/A]
Nominator: Private Individual
Rationale: Consumer exposure through increasing dietary supplement use; suspicion of toxicity; lack of adequate toxicity data.
BSC Review Meeting: October 26, 2004
Supporting Documentation

Black Cohosh
CASRN: [84776-26-1]
Nominator: National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
Rationale: Widespread human exposure through use as a dietary supplement, reported estrogen activity, and inadequate toxicity information.
BSC Review Meeting: May 24, 2000
Supporting Documentation

Bladderwrack
CASRN: [68917-51-1] [84696-13-9]
Nominator: National Cancer Institute
Rationale: significant human exposure through use as a dietary supplement; safety concern due to potential thyroid stimulation; limited available toxicity information.
BSC Review Meeting: May 25, 2001
Supporting Documentation

Blue-Green Algae (Dietary Supplements and Selected Toxins)
CASRN: [N/A]
Nominator: National Cancer Institute
Rationale: Widespread human exposure through drinking water and via contamination of algal dietary supplements, demonstrated acute toxicity but only limited chronic toxicity information available.
BSC Review Meeting: May 24, 2000
Supporting Documentation

4-Bromofluorobenzene
CASRN: [460-00-4]
Nominator: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
Rationale: High production volume and use; lack of adequate toxicological data; suspicion of toxicity based on chemical structure.
BSC Review Meeting: August 18, 2005
Supporting Documentation

1-Bromopropane and 2-Bromopropane
CASRN: [106-94-5] [75-26-3]
Nominator: US Occupational Safety Health Administration, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
Rationale: Reported increasing production and use in many industrial applications as an alternative to ozone depleting substances; available data from limited repeat dose studies indicate toxicity to multiple organ systems. 2-Bromopropane is a minor contaminant in reagent grade 1-Bromopropane with known reproductive toxicity.
BSC Review Meeting: May 24, 2000 
Supporting Documentation 

Butterbur (Petasites hybridus) Extract
CASRN: [90082-63-6]
Nominator: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
Rationale: Use as a dietary supplement; lack of toxicological data; suspicion of toxicity based on pharmacological activity of constituents; potential presence of toxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids.
BSC Review Meeting: December 10, 2009
Supporting Documentation

Tert-Butylacrylamide
CASRN: [107-48-4]
Nominator: National Cancer Institute
Rationale: High production volume; potential worker and consumer exposures; lack of adequate toxicological data; suspicion of toxicity based on chemical structure.
BSC Review Meeting: June 13, 2006
Supporting Documentation

N-Butylbenzenesulfonamide
CASRN: [3622-84-2]
Nominator: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
Rationale: High production and use as a plasticizer in industrial and consumer product; lack of adequate toxicological data; suspicion of toxicity based on limited toxicity studies in rodents and the presence of structural features which suggestive of potential hazard.
BSC Review Meeting: December 1, 2010
Supporting Documentation

N-Butyl Bromide
CASRN: [109-65-9]
Nominator: National Cancer Institute
Rationale: Industrial chemical with significant production volume and human exposure potential; mutagenic; potential for carcinogenicity; lack of toxicity information.
BSC Review Meeting: May 25, 2001
Supporting Documentation

N-Butyl Glycidyl Ether
CASRN: [2426-08-6]
Nominator: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
Rationale: Suspicion of toxicity based on structural features; positive results in genetic toxicity studies; substantial potential for human exposure and a lack of chronic toxicity data.
BSC Review Meeting: October 26, 2004
Supporting Documentation
Research Concept

Tert-Butyl Hydroperoxide
CASRN: [75-91-2]
Nominator: National Cancer Institute
Rationale: High production volume industrial chemical; evidence for genotoxicity and tumor promotion activity; lack of carcinogenicity data.
BSC Review Meeting: September 17, 2002
Supporting Documentation

Butylparaben
CASRN: [94-26-8]
Nominator: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
Rationale: Widespread use in foods, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals; potential reproductive toxicant; lack of adequate toxicity data.
BSC Review Meeting: August 18, 2005
Supporting Documentation
Research Concept 

C

C9 Alkylbenzenes
    Cumene
    Ethyltoluene
    2-Ethyltoluene
    3-Ethyltoluene
    4-Ethyltoluene
    N-Propylbenzene
    Solvent Naphtha (petroleum), Light Aromatic
    1,2,3-Trimethylbenzene
    1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene
    1,3,5-Trimethylbenzene
    Trimethylbenzenes, Mixed Isomers
CASRN:  [98-82-8] [25550-14-5] [611-14-3] [620-14-4] [622-96-8] [103-65-1] [64742-95-6] [526-73-8] [95-63-6] [108-67-8] [25551-13-7]
Nominator: Environmental Protection Agency 
Rationale: The environmental sources of C9 alkylbenzenes are anthropogenic and biogenic. Occupational exposure may occur via inhalation and dermal contact where these compounds are produced and used. For the general population, exposures are possible via inhalation of ambient air, consumption of contaminated food and drinking water or direct contact with gasoline, solvents, or other consumer products.
BSC Review Meeting: June 18, 2014
Supporting Documentation
 

Cadmium Telluride
CASRN: [1306-25-8]
Nominator: U.S. Department of Energy; Brookhaven National Laboratory; National Renewable Energy Laboratory; First Solar, Inc.
Rationale: Potential for widespread applications in photovoltaic energy generation; anticipated increase in human exposures; further data needed to address health and safety issues related to manufacture and use.
BSC Review Meeting: September 10, 2003
Supporting Documentation

Cafestol 
CASRN: [469-83-0] 
Nominator: Private Individual
Rationale: Anti-carcinogenic effects demonstrated in animal studies; limited data indicate low potential for toxicity; other natural products with higher potential for toxicity and human exposure exist; ongoing research efforts as opposed to new testing may provide basis for determining relevance of metabolic modulatory effects to chronic toxicity.
BSC Review Meeting: May 24, 2000 
Supporting Documentation

Cedarwood Oil, Virginia
CASRN: [8000-27-9]
Nominator: National Cancer Institute
Rationale: widespread occupational and consumer exposure; lack of basic toxicology data.
BSC Review Meeting: September 10, 2003
Supporting Documentation

Cefuroxime
CASRN: [55268-75-2]
Nominator: Food and Drug Administration
Rationale: Prescription drug with widespread and potentially long-term use, lack of chronic toxicity data for any member of this class of drugs.
BSC Review Meeting: May 24, 2000
Supporting Documentation
 

Cell Phone Radiofrequency Radiation (RFR) -See Also Radiofrequency Radiation Emissions of Wireless Communication Devices

Ceric Oxide
CASRN: [1306-38-3]
Nominator: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
Rationale: Widespread industrial use and potential for increasing exposure; demonstrated pulmonary toxicity; lack of toxicity data for nanoscale form.
BSC Review Meeting: June 13, 2006
Supporting Documentation
Research Concept

Chitosan
CASRN: [9012-76-4]
Nominator: National Cancer Institute
Rationale: Significant human exposure through use as a dietary supplement and other commercial applications; potential for toxicity from interference with dietary fat absorption.
BSC Review Meeting: May 24, 2000 
Supporting Documentation 

Chloramine-T and P-Toluenesulfonamide
CASRN: [127-65-1] [70-55-3]
Nominator: Private Individual
Rationale: Investigational new animal drug for antimicrobial use in aquaculture; evidence for toxicity; further studies needed to establish safe residue levels.
BSC Review Meeting: September 17, 2002
Supporting Documentation

Chondroitin Sulfate and Sodium Salt
CASRN: [9007-28-7] [9082-07-9]
Nominator: National Cancer Institute
Rationale: Widespread long-term use as a dietary supplement and inadequate data to assess safety.
BSC Review Meeting: September 10, 2003
Supporting Documentation

Clarithromycin
CASRN: [81103-11-9]
Nominator: Food and Drug Administration
Rationale: Prescription drug with widespread and potentially long-term use, numerous known toxicities in short-term studies, and a lack of chronic toxicity data.
BSC Review Meeting: May 24, 2000
Supporting Documentation

1-Chloro-4-(Trifluoromethyl)Benzene
CASRN: [98-56-6]
Nominator: Kowa American Corp.
Rationale: High production volume; increasing industrial and potential consumer use; lack of workplace exposure standards; lack of chronic toxicity data.
BSC Review Meeting: July 23, 2009
Supporting Documentation

Cobalt Metal Dust
CASRN: [7440-48-4]
Nominator: Cobalt Development Institute; International Union, United Auto Workers; Occupational Safety and Health Administration
Rationale: Widespread occupational exposure; evidence for toxicity; insufficient data to assess chronic toxicity and carcinogenic potential.
BSC Review Meeting: September 17, 2002
Supporting Documentation

Crumb Rubber - See Also Synthetic Turf/Crumb Rubber

Cylindrospermopsin
CASRN: [14345-90-8]
Nominator: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
Rationale: Cyanobacterial toxin with potential for widespread human exposure through drinking water; high acute toxicity; limited available toxicity information.
BSC Review Meeting: May 25, 2001
Supporting Documentation

D

D&C Red No. 27 and D&C Red No. 28
CASRN: [18472-87-2]
Nominator: Food and Administration
Rationale: Approved colorings for drugs and cosmetics that can lead to DNA damage, lack of sufficient data on long-term phototoxicity or photocarcinogenicity.
BSC Review Meeting: May 24, 2000
Supporting Documentation

Decane
CASRN: [124-18-5]
Nominator: National Cancer Institute
Rationale: Widespread industrial use and environmental occurrence as air pollutant; suspicion of carcinogenicity but no adequate carcinogenicity study available.
BSC Review Meeting: October 26, 2004
Supporting Documentation

Deoxynivalenol
CASRN: [51481-10-8]
Nominator: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
Rationale: Widespread environmental occurrence and potential for human exposure through consumption of contaminated foods; demonstrated toxicological activity; lack of definitive carcinogenicity and reproductive toxicity studies.
BSC Review Meeting: July 23, 2009
Supporting Documentation

2,6-Diaminopyridine
CASRN: [141-86-6]
Nominator: National Cancer Institute
Rationale: Moderate production and industrial use; lack of adequate toxicological data.
BSC Review Meeting: August 18, 2005
Supporting Documentation

Diazonaphthoquinone Derivatives
    Sodium 1,2-naphthoquinone-2-diazide-5-sulfonate
    2,3,4-Trihydroxybenzophenone tris(1,2-naphthoquinonediazide-5-sulfonate)
    2,3,4-Trihydroxybenzophenone 1,2-naphthoquinonediazide-5-sulfonate
CASRN: [2657-00-3] [5610-94-6] [68510-93-0]
Nominator: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
Rationale: Moderate production volume; potential worker exposures from use in photolithography processes; lack of adequate toxicological data.
BSC Review Meeting: June 13, 2006
Supporting Documentation

Dibenzofuran
CASRN: [132-64-9]
Nominator: National Cancer Institute
Rationale: Widespread human exposure as an environmental contaminant; potential for carcinogenicity; lack of toxicity information.
BSC Review Meeting: May 25, 2001
Supporting Documentation

1,3-Dichloropropanol
CASRN: [96-23-1]
Nominator: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
Rationale: High production volume and use; occurrence in foods; reproductive toxicity and carcinogenicity demonstrated but not adequately characterized.
BSC Review Meeting: August 18, 2005
Supporting Documentation

Dichloropropane & Dichloropropene
    1,3-Dichloropropane
    2,2-Dichloropropane
    1,1-Dichloropropene
CASRN: [142-28-9] [594-20-7] [563-58-6]
Nominator: Environmental Protection Agency; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
Rationale: Drinking water contaminants with high health research priority; very limited toxicity data; known toxicity and carcinogenicity of structurally similar compounds.
BSC Review Meeting: May 24, 2000
Supporting Documentation

Diethyl Phthalate
CASRN: [84-66-2]
Nominator: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
Rationale: Widespread consumer exposure through use in cosmetics and personal care products; insufficient toxicity data to assess potential reproductive hazard.
BSC Review Meeting: December 6, 2007
Supporting Documentation

N,N-Dimethyl-p-Toluidine
CASRN: [99-97-8]
Nominator: National Cancer Institute
Rationale: High production volume chemical with potential for widespread human exposure and limited chronic toxicity or carcinogenicity data, genotoxic, and suspicion of carcinogenicity.
BSC Review Meeting: May 24, 2000
Supporting Documentation

Dimorpholinodiethyl Ether
CASRN: [6425-39-4]
Nominator: National Cancer Institute
Rationale: High production volume; potential worker exposures; lack of adequate toxicological data; suspicion of toxicity based on structure.
BSC Review Meeting: June 11, 2008
Supporting Documentation
Research Concept

Di-(2-ethylhexyl)Phthalate
CASRN: [117-81-7]
Nominator: Food and Drug Administration
Rationale: Long-term risks associated with medical exposures of infants to DEHP have not been clearly elucidated; significant knowledge gaps on the toxicokinetics and effects in fetal and neonatal primates of intravenous DEHP exposure; further studies will better define risks and benefits of utilizing non-DEHP-containing products.
BSC Review Meeting: October 26, 2004
Supporting Documentation
Research Concept

2,5-Dimercapto-1,3,4-Thiadiazole
CASRN: [1072-71-5]
Nominator: Chemonics Industries, Inc.
Rationale: Component of wildland fire retardant formulations; moderate production and industrial use; lack of adequate toxicological data.
BSC Review Meeting: August 18, 2005
Supporting Documentation

Dimethylethanolamine
CASRN: [108-01-0]
Nominator: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
Rationale: Potential for widespread human exposure to DMAE through its use in industrial and consumer products; inadequate toxicological database; some ethanolamines can interfere with choline uptake and utilization and may also generate nitrosamines.
BSC Review Meeting: September 10, 2003
Supporting Documentation

3-Dimethylaminopropylamine
CASRN: [109-55-7]
Nominator: National Cancer Institute
Rationale: Significant and increasing use in personal care products; widespread industrial use; lack of information on chronic toxicity; evidence of toxicity in exposed workers.
BSC Review Meeting: August 18, 2005
Supporting Documentation

3-Dimethylaminopropyl Methacrylamide
CASRN: [5205-93-6]
Nominator: National Cancer Institute
Rationale: High production volume; potential worker and consumer exposures; lack of adequate toxicological data; demonstrated toxicity in short-term studies.
BSC Review Meeting: June 13, 2006
Supporting Documentation

Dimethylamine Borane
CASRN: [74-94-2]
Nominator: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
Rationale: Possible contact sensitizer and systemic toxicant but insufficient evidence as determined by the NIOSH Dermal Subject Matter Expert Workgroup.
BSC Review Meeting: November 20, 2008
Supporting Documentation

Diphenolic Acid
CASRN: [126-00-1]
Nominator: National Cancer Institute
Rationale: Industrial chemical with potential for increasing use; structurally related to bisphenol A; lack of toxicity information.
BSC Review Meeting: May 25, 2001
Supporting Documentation

2',2'''-Dithiobisbenzanilide
CASRN: [135-57-9]
Nominator: National Cancer Institute
Rationale: High production volume; potential worker and consumer exposures; lack of adequate toxicological data; suspicion of toxicity based on structure.
BSC Review Meeting: December 6, 2007
Supporting Documentation
Research Concept

DNA-Based Products
CASRN: [N/A]
Nominator: Food and Drug Administration
Rationale: Rapidly growing market for DNA-based therapeutic agents and a lack of adequate mechanisms and methodologies for evaluating safety.
BSC Review Meeting: May 24, 2000 
Supporting Documentation

Dong Quai (Angelica sinensis Root and Extract)
CASRN: [308068-61-3] [299184-76-2]
Nominator: Private Individual
Rationale: Widespread use as a dietary supplement; suspicion of toxicity based on estrogenic activity and chemical structure; lack of adequate toxicity data.
BSC Review Meeting: July 23, 2009
Supporting Documentation

Drinking Water Disinfection By-Products
    HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibition and Developmental Toxicity
    Interactive effects of antilipidemic agents and drinking water contaminants in producing developmental toxicity
CASRN: [N/A]
Nominator: Private Individual
Rationale: Co-occurrence in drinking water of therapeutic drugs, environmental contaminants and disinfection by-products with known developmental and/or reproductive toxicities; inadequate data to understand potential hazard of mixed exposures.
BSC Review Meeting: December 1, 2010
Supporting Documentation

Drugs Positive for QT Interval Prolongation/Induction of Torsade Proarrhythmia
CASRN: [N/A]
Nominator: Food and Drug Administration
Rationale: QT interval prolongation and torsade de pointes is a high priority cause for concern in drug development and regulatory safety evaluation; a clear definition of the strengths, limitations, and future performance characteristics of the canine telemetry model for pre-clinical safety assessment is needed.
BSC Review Meeting: September 10, 2003
Supporting Documentation

E

Ephedrine Alkaloid Dietary Supplements
CASRN: [N/A]
Nominator: National Cancer Institute; National Institutes of Health Office of Dietary Supplements
Rationale: Widely used dietary supplement; reports of adverse effects in consumers; lack of adequate toxicological information for multi-component dietary supplement formulations.
BSC Review Meeting: September 17, 2002
Supporting Documentation

Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate
CASRN: [989-51-5]
Nominator: National Cancer Institute
Rationale: Major polyphenol in green tea and green tea extract dietary supplements; potential chemopreventive agent; limited available toxicity information.
BSC Review Meeting: May 25, 2001
Supporting Documentation

Ethanone
    1-(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-octahydro-2,3,8,8-tetramethyl-2-naphthalenyl)-(Iso-E Super)
CASRN: [54464-57-2]
Nominator: Private Individual
Rationale: High production volume fragrance material; widespread consumer exposure; lack of toxicity data.
BSC Review Meeting: September 17, 2002
Supporting Documentation

Ethylene Glycol 2-Ethylhexyl Ether
CASRN: [1559-35-9]
Nominator: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
Rationale: High production volume; potential worker exposures; suspicion of toxicity based on chemical structure; lack of adequate toxicity data.
BSC Review Meeting: November 20, 2008
Supporting Documentation

Ethylenebis(Tetrabromo-Phthalimide)
CASRN: [32588-76-4]
Nominator: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
Rationale: Ongoing and planned industry testing efforts; better characterization of uses and potential human exposures.
BSC Review Meeting: May 24, 2000 
Supporting Documentation

2-Ethylhexyl-p-Dimethylaminobenzoic Acid
CASRN: [21245-02-3]
Nominator: Private Individual
Rationale: High production volume chemical with industrial and consumer (sunscreen) uses; evidence for phototoxicity and testicular toxicity; limited available toxicity information.
BSC Review Meeting: May 25, 2001
Supporting Documentation

2-Ethylhexyl p-Methoxycinnamate
CASRN: [5466-77-3]
Nominator: National Cancer Institute
Rationale: High production volume; widespread consumer exposure as a common sunscreen active ingredient; reported estrogenic and reproductive effects.
BSC Review Meeting: June 11, 2008
Supporting Documentation
Research Concept

Evening Primrose Oil (Oenothera biennis L.) Extract
CASRN: [90028-66-3]
Nominator:National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
Rationale: Use as a dietary supplement, particularly for immune conditions; lack of adequate toxicological data.
BSC Review Meeting: December 10, 2009
Supporting Documentation

F

Firemaster 550
   Isopropylated Phenol Phosphate
    2-Ethylhexyl-2,3,4,5-Tetrabromobenzoate
    Bis(2-ethylhexyl) Tetrabromophthalate
    Triphenyl Phosphate
CASRN: [860302-33-6] [68937-41-7] [183658-27-7] [26040-51-7] [115-86-6]
Nominator: Private Individual; Department of Public Health
Rationale: Firemaster 550 (FM 550) began to be used in increasing quantities in upholstered furniture, infant products and other items, so that it has become one of the most commonly detected Flame Retardants (FR) in the U.S. Potential consumer exposures from these uses; insufficient toxicity data to assess potential health risks.
BSC Review Meeting: April 28, 2013
Supporting Documentation

Flame Retardants
    Antimony Trioxide
    Aromatic Phosphates:
    tert-Butylphenyl Diphenyl Phosphate
    2-Ethylhexyl Diphenyl Phosphate
    Isodecyl Diphenyl Phosphate
    Phenol, Isopropylated, Phosphate (3:1)
    Tricresyl Phosphate
    Triphenyl Phosphate
    Decabromodiphenyl Oxide
    Phosphonic Acid, (3-((hydroxymethyl) amino)-3-oxopropyl)-, dimethyl ester
    Tris(chloropropyl) phosphate, mixture of four isomers
    Tris(hydroxymethyl) phosphine oxide
CASRN: [1309-64-4] [56803-37-3] [1241-94-7] [29761-21-5] [68937-41-7] [1330-78-5] [115-86-6] [1163-19-5] [20120-33-6] [13674-84-5; 76025-08-6; 76649-15-5; 6145-73-9] [1067-12-5]
Nominator: Consumer Project Safety Commission
Rationale: Anticipated increased use in upholstered furniture and bedding and potential consumer exposures from these uses; insufficient toxicity data to assess potential health risks.
BSC Review Meeting: June 13, 2006
Supporting Documentation
Research Concept  

Furan compounds class study
    Furan
    Furfural
    Furfuryl alcohol
CASRN: [1010-0-9] [98-01-1] [98-00-0]
Nominator: NCI, OSHA
Rationale: High production; worker exposure; lack of data.
Research Concept

G

Garcinia cambogia Extract
CASRN: [N/A]
Nominator: National Cancer Institute
Rationale: Consumer exposure through increasing dietary supplement use; lack of adequate toxicological data.
BSC Review Meeting: August 18, 2005
Supporting Documentation

Glucosamine
CASRN: [3416-24-8]
Nominator: National Cancer Institute
Rationale: Widespread long-term use as a dietary supplement and inadequate data to assess safety.
BSC Review Meeting: September 10, 2003
Supporting Documentation

Grape Seed and Pine Bark Extracts
CASRN: [N/A]
Nominator: National Cancer Institute
Rationale: Significant human exposure through use as a dietary supplement; limited available toxicity information.
BSC Review Meeting: May 25, 2001
Supporting Documentation

Gum Guggul Extract
CASRN: [N/A]
Nominator: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
Rationale: Consumer exposure through increasing dietary supplement use; demonstrated metabolic and hormonal effects; lack of adequate toxicological data.
BSC Review Meeting: August 18, 2005
Supporting Documentation
Research Concept

Gypsum, Natural and Synthetic Forms
CASRN: [13397-24-5]
Nominator: Mount Sinai-Irving J. Selikoff Center for Occupational and Environmental Medicine; Operative Plasterers' and Cement Masons' International Association of the United States and Canada
Rationale: Widespread worker exposures in numerous occupations and to the general population after destruction of the World Trade Centers in 2001; limited toxicity data to assess potential health risks.
BSC Review Meeting: June 13, 2006
Supporting Documentation

H

Hexachloro-1,3-Butadiene
CASRN: [87-68-3]
Nominator: Carcinogen Identification Committee (Advisory Body for California Environmental Protection Agency)
Rationale: Persistent industrial by-product widely dispersed in environment; some evidence for carcinogenicity; existing data insufficient to characterize carcinogenic hazard.
BSC Review Meeting: September 17, 2002
Supporting Documentation

Hexafluorosilicic Acid and Sodium hexafluorosilicate
CASRN: [16961-83-4] [16893-85-9]
Nominator: Private Individuals (multiple nominations)
Rationale: Primary agents used to fluoridate public drinking water systems; lack of toxicity information; assumed complete dissociation to free fluoride under normal conditions of use not supported by experimental evidence.
BSC Review Meeting: September 17, 2002
Supporting Documentation

Hydergine
CASRN: [8067-24-1]
Nominator: National Cancer Institute
Rationale: Ergot alkaloid prescription drug with recent increase in "off label" and dietary supplement use in healthy individuals; lack of available information on toxicity and carcinogenicity
BSC Review Meeting: May 24, 2000
Supporting Documentation

Hydroquinone
CASRN: [123-31-9]
Nominator: Food and Drug Administration
Rationale: Use in drugs and cosmetics; evidence of carcinogenicity from oral exposures in prior NTP studies; insufficient toxicological data for regulatory hazard determination.
BSC Review Meeting: December 10, 2009
Supporting Documentation

Hydroxyurea
CASRN: [127-07-1]
Nominator: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Private Individual
Rationale: Long term safety concern when used as therapy for sickle cell anemia; NTP Center for the Evaluation of Risks to Human Reproduction (CERHR) Expert Panel identified a critical data need for multi-generation experimental animal studies to assess the long-term effects of prenatal and postnatal exposures on postnatal development including developmental neurotoxicity, reproductive function, and carcinogenicity.
BSC Review Meeting: December 1, 2010
Supporting Documentation

I

Imidazolidinyl Urea
CASRN: [39236-46-9]
Nominator: National Cancer Institute
Rationale: Widely used preservative in personal care products; mutagenic potential; lack of adequate carcinogenicity data.
BSC Review Meeting: August 18, 2005
Supporting Documentation

Indium Tin Oxide
CASRN: [50926-11-9]
Nominator: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
Rationale: Increasing production and use; documented pulmonary effects in exposed workers; suspicion of toxicity based on chemical structure; lack of adequate toxicity data.
BSC Review Meeting: July 23, 2009
Supporting Documentation

Infrasound
CASRN: [N/A]
Nominator: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
Rationale: Low frequency sound ubiquitous in occupational and community settings; insufficient data to address public concerns regarding potential health hazards at low exposure levels.
BSC Review Meeting: September 17, 2002
Supporting Documentation

Ionic Liquids
    1-Butyl-3-Methylimidazolium Chloride
    1-Butyl-1-Methylpyrrolidinium Chloride
    N-Butylpyridinium Chloride
CASRN: [79917-90-1] [479500-35-1] [1124-64-7]
Nominator: University of Alabama Center for Green Manufacturing
Rationale: Widespread interest as replacements for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in various applications; lack of toxicity data.
BSC Review Meeting: October 26, 2004
Supporting Documentation
Research Concept

Isoflavones in Soy Infant Formula
CASRN: [N/A]
Nominator: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
Rationale: Widespread exposure and concern for potential adverse effects on human development; address certain critical data gaps and research needs identified in the NTP Center for the Evaluation of Risks to Human Reproduction (CERHR) Expert Panel Report on Soy Infant Formula.
BSC Review Meeting: December 1, 2010
Supporting Documentation

J

Juglone
CASRN: [481-39-0]
Nominator: National Cancer Institute
Rationale: Potential human exposure resulting from use of walnut-based products as dietary supplements and natural dyes and stains; suspicion of carcinogenicity based on quinone structure.
BSC Review Meeting: May 24, 2000 
Supporting Documentation

K

Kahweol
CASRN: [6894-43-5]
Nominator: Private Individual
Rationale: Anti-carcinogenic effects demonstrated in animal studies; limited data indicate low potential for toxicity; other natural products with higher potential for toxicity and human exposure exist; ongoing research efforts as opposed to new testing may provide basis for determining relevance of metabolic modulatory effects to chronic toxicity.
BSC Review Meeting: May 24, 2000 
Supporting Documentation

Ketamine Hydrochloride
CASRN: [1867-66-9]
Nominator: Food and Drug Administration
Rationale: Approved drug for anesthetic use in adults; off-label pediatric use thought to occur; causes severe lesions in developing rat brain; further studies needed to assess safety of pediatric use.
BSC Review Meeting: September 17, 2002
Supporting Documentation

L

Lemon Oil and Lime Oil
CASRN: [8008-56-8] [8008-26-2]
Nominator: Food and Drug Administration
Rationale: Widespread consumer exposure as a fragrance component, known phototoxicity, and long-term toxicity is unknown.
BSC Review Meeting: May 24, 2000
Supporting Documentation

Local Anesthetics That Metabolize to 2,6-Xylidine or O-Toluidine
    Bupivacaine
    Prilocaine
CASRN: [38396-39-3] [721-50-6]
Nominator: Private Individual, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
Rationale: Widespread clinical use and human exposure, potentially metabolized to carcinogenic and neurotoxic intermediates, little available quantitative metabolism or genotoxicity data.
BSC Review Meeting: May 24, 2000
Supporting Documentation

M

Magnesium Oxide
CASRN: [1309-48-4]
Nominator: National Cancer Institute
Rationale: High production volume industrial chemical; widespread occupational exposure; lack of chronic inhalation toxicity data.
BSC Review Meeting: September 17, 2002
Supporting Documentation

Mercury, ((o-carboxyphenyl)thio)Ethyl-, Sodium Salt (Thimerosal)
CASRN: [54-64-8]
Nominator: Food and Drug Administration
Rationale: Organomercurial preservative widely used in vaccines and other therapeutics; large exposed population; insufficient toxicity data.
BSC Review Meeting: September 17, 2002
Supporting Documentation

Metalworking Fluids
CASRN: [N/A]
Nominator: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
Rationale: High production volume; large number of occupationally-exposed workers; lack of carcinogenicity and chronic toxicity data.
BSC Review Meeting: May 25, 2001
Supporting Documentation

Methylolurea
CASRN: [1000-82-4]
Nominator: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
Rationale: High production volume industrial chemical; widespread use and potential for human exposure; lack of toxicity information.
BSC Review Meeting: September 17, 2002
Supporting Documentation

4-Methylquinoline
CASRN: [491-35-0]
Nominator: Carcinogen Identification Committee (Advisory Body for California Environmental Protection Agency)
Rationale: Ubiquitous environmental contaminant; some evidence for carcinogenicity; existing data insufficient to characterize carcinogenic potential.
BSC Review Meeting: September 17, 2002
Supporting Documentation

N-Methyl-3-Oxobutanamide
CASRN: [20306-75-6]
Nominator: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
Rationale: High production volume; potential worker and environmental exposures; lack of adequate toxicological data.
BSC Review Meeting: June 13, 2006
Supporting Documentation

Methyl Soyate
CASRN: [67784-80-9]
Nominator: National Cancer Institute
Rationale: Increasing production volume as an alternative fuel (biodiesel); lack of toxicity information.
BSC Review Meeting: May 25, 2001
Supporting Documentation

2-Methyltetrahydrofuran
CASRN: [96-47-9]
Nominator: National Cancer Institute
Rationale: Increasing use in alternative fuels; suspicion of toxicity and carcinogenicity based on structure; limited available toxicity information.
BSC Review Meeting: May 25, 2001
Supporting Documentation

L-beta-Methylaminoalanine
CASRN: [15920-93-1]
Nominator: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
Rationale: Natural product of cyanobacteria with localized and potentially widespread environmental occurrence; suspected risk factor for neurological disease(s); lack of adequate toxicity data.
BSC Review Meeting: November 20, 2008
Supporting Documentation

2-Methoxy-4-Nitroaniline
CASRN: [97-52-9]
Nominator: National Cancer Institute
Rationale: High production volume; potential worker exposures; lack of adequate toxicological data; positive mutagenicity data; strong suspicion of toxicity and carcinogenicity based on structure.
BSC Review Meeting: December 6, 2007
Supporting Documentation
Research Concept

Microcystin-LR
CASRN: [101043-37-2]
Nominator: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
Rationale: Cyanobacteria and their toxins are drinking water contaminants with a high health research priority, many have high acute toxicity and known hepatotoxicity and hepatocarcinogenicity.
BSC Review Meeting: May 24, 2000
Supporting Documentation

N

Nanoscale Materials
CASRN: [N/A]
Nominator: Rice University Center for Biological and Environmental Nanotechnology
Rationale: Intense current and anticipated future research and development focus; further studies and development of appropriate toxicological methods are needed to adequately assess health effects.
BSC Review Meeting: September 10, 2003
Supporting Documentation

Nanoscale Materials
    Nanoscale Gold
    Nanoscale Silver
CASRN: [7440-57-5] [7440-22-4]
Nominator: Food and Drug Administration
Rationale: Widespread and increasing use in drug, food and cosmetic products; lack of adequate toxicological and pharmacokinetic data; need to evaluate whether the current required tests are adequate to detect adverse biological and toxicological events .
BSC Review Meeting: December 6, 2007
Supporting Documentation
Research Concept for Nanoscale Gold Research Concept for Nanoscale Silver 

Nitrogen Trifluoride
CASRN: [7783-54-2]
Nominator: National Cancer Institute
Rationale: Rapidly increasing industrial demand; acute toxic effects well described; potential for toxicity based on oxidizing properties.
BSC Review Meeting: September 17, 2002
Supporting Documentation

O

Octrizole and Related Phenolic Benzotriazoles 
CASRN: [3147-75-9]
Nominator: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
Rationale: High production volume and use as UV stabilizers in a wide variety of industrial and consumer products; possess physico-chemical properties that suggest persistence in the environment and potential to bioaccumulate; limited toxicological data yet reproductive and developmental effects data for several class members suggest potential hazard.
BSC Review Meeting: December 15, 2011
Supporting Documentation

Organotins Occuring in Drinking Water
    Monomethyltin Trichloride
    Dimethyltin Dichloride
    Monobutyltin Trichloride
    Dibutyltin Dichloride
CASRN: [993-16-8] [753-73-1] [1118-46-3] [683-18-1]
Nominator: Environmental Protection Agency; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
Rationale: Drinking water contaminants with a high health research priority; numerous organotins have demonstrated a broad spectrum of toxicity; chronic toxicity information on organotin species primarily found in drinking water is limited.
BSC Review Meeting: May 24, 2000
Supporting Documentation

P

Pentaethylenehexamine
CASRN: [4067-16-7]
Nominator: National Cancer Institute
Rationale: High production volume; potential worker exposures; lack of adequate toxicological data; positive mutagenicity data.
BSC Review Meeting: December 6, 2007
Supporting Documentation

Perfluorinated compounds class study
    Perfluorobutanesulfonic Acid (PFBS)
    Perfluorohexanesulfonic Acid (PFHxS)
    Perfluorooctanesulfonic Acid (PFOS)
    Perfluorononanesulfonic Acid (PFNS)
    Perfluorodecanesulfonic Acid (PFDS)
    Perfluorododecanesulfonic Acid (PFDoS)
    Perfluorohexanoic Acid (PFHxA)
    Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA)
    Perfluorononanoic Acid (PFNA)
    Perfluorodecanoic Acid (PFDA)
    Perfluorododecanoic Acid (PFDoA)
    1,1,2,2-Tetrahydroperfluoro-1­Decanol
    1,1,2,2-Tetrahydroperfluoro-1­Dodecanol
CASRN: [375-73-5] [355-46-4] [1763-23-1] [474511-07-4] [335-77-3] [79780-39-5] [307-24-4] [335-67-1] [375-95-1] [335-76-2] [307-55-1] [678-39-7] [865-86-1]
Nominator: Environmental Protection Agency
Rationale: Presumed widespread human exposure; known toxicity of certain class members; insufficient information to assess hazard/risk across entire structural class.
BSC Review Meeting: October 26, 2004
Supporting Documentation
Research Concept

Permanent Makeup Inks
CASRN: [N/A]
Nominator: Food and Drug Administration
Rationale: Rapidly growing practice in the United States; lack of adequate toxicological data; numerous human adverse event reports.
BSC Review Meeting: August 18, 2005
Supporting Documentation

Phenoxyethyl Acrylate
CASRN: [48145-04-6]
Nominator: National Cancer Institute
Rationale: High production volume; potential worker and consumer exposures; lack of adequate toxicological data.
BSC Review Meeting: June 13, 2006
Supporting Documentation

4-Phenylcyclohexene
CASRN: [4994-16-5]
Nominator: Private Individuals
Rationale: Present in indoor environments primarily from carpet emissions; concern that it has not been adequately tested for potential health effects.
BSC Review Meeting: September 10, 2003
Supporting Documentation

O-Phthalaldehyde
CASRN: [643-79-8]
Nominator: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
Rationale: Widespread and increasing use as a disinfectant in health care settings; lack of adequate and publicly available toxicological data; potential skin and respiratory sensitizer.
BSC Review Meeting: December 6, 2007
Supporting Documentation
Research Concept

Plumbagin
CASRN: [481-42-5]
Nominator: National Cancer Institute
Rationale: Structurally similar to Juglone which is selected for study; low magnitude and/or prevalence of human exposure; adequate evidence of acute and reproductive toxicity.
BSC Review Meeting: May 24, 2000 
Supporting Documentation

Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers
    Pentabromodiphenyl Ether (technical)
    Octabromodiphenyl Ether (technical)
    2,2',4,4'- Tetrabromodiphenyl Ether
    2,2',4,4',5- Pentabromodiphenyl Ether
    2,2',4,4',5,5'- Hexabromodiphenyl Ether
CASRN: [32534-81-9] [32536-52-0] [5436-43-1] [60348-60-9] [68631-49-2]
Nominator: California Environmental Protection Agency; New York State Department of Environmental Conservation; Private Individuals
Rationale: High production volume flame retardants; widespread human exposure occupationally and as environmental contaminants; persistent and bioaccumulative; evidence for toxicity but significant knowledge gaps remain.
BSC Review Meeting: May 25, 2001
Supporting Documentation

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) Mixtures
    Benzo(a)pyrene
    Phenanthrene
CASRN: [50-32-8] [85-01-8]
Nominator: Environmental Protection Agency
Rationale: Recent experience with the World Trade Center disaster and the BP oil spill has highlighted the inadequacy of the current methodology for assessing the risk associated with exposure to PAH mixtures.
BSC Review Meeting: April 18, 2014
Supporting Documentation

Potassium Ferricyanide
CASRN: [13746-66-2]
Nominator: National Cancer Institute
Rationale: Potential consumer and worker exposure resulting from use in photographic processing; suspicion of toxicity based on potential for redox cycling; inadequate toxicity information available.
BSC Review Meeting: May 24, 2000
Supporting Documentation

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Q

None

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R

Radiofrequency Radiation Emissions of Wireless Communication Devices
    Cell Phone Radiofrequency Radiation (RFR)
CASRN: [N/A]
Nominator: Food and Drug Administration
Rationale: Extensive use and exposure to the vast majority of the American public.
BSC Review Meeting: May 24, 2000
Supporting Documentation 

trans-Resveratrol
CASRN: [501-36-0]
Nominator: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
Rationale: Widespread human exposure from natural dietary sources and use of dietary supplements; suspicion of toxicity based on estrogenic and genotoxic activity; insufficient data available to characterize safety.
BSC Review Meeting: September 10, 2003
Supporting Documentation

All-trans-Retinyl Palmitate
CASRN: [79-81-2]
Nominator: Food and Drug Administration
Rationale: Widespread use in cosmetic products; known biochemical and histological cutaneous alterations; other retinoids known to enhance photocarcinogenesis.
BSC Review Meeting: May 24, 2000
Supporting Documentation

S

S-Adenosylmethionine
CASRN: [29908-03-0]
Nominator: National Cancer Institute
Rationale: Widespread exogenous human exposure through use as a dietary supplement; limited toxicity data available.
BSC Review Meeting: May 24, 2000
Supporting Documentation

Senna
CASRN: [8013-11-4]
Nominator: Food and Drug Administration
Rationale: Data needed to complete safety evaluation of stimulant laxatives; transgenic studies will complement manufacturer sponsored carcinogenicity studies.
BSC Review Meeting: May 24, 2000
Supporting Documentation

Silica Flour
CASRN: [14808-60-7]
Nominator: Private Individual
Rationale: Use in industrial and consumer products; inhalation exposures associated with autoimmune disease; lack of toxicity data for oral and dermal exposures; insufficient data to evaluate dose-response for renal and autoimmune effects by any route of exposure.
BSC Review Meeting: December 10, 2009
Supporting Documentation

Sodium Metasilicate
CASRN: [6834-93-0]
Nominator: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
Rationale: Widespread occupational exposure; evidence for biological activity; insufficient toxicity data.
BSC Review Meeting: September 17, 2002
Supporting Documentation

Stachybotrys chartarum
CASRN: [67892-26-6]
Nominator: Private Individual; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
Rationale: Public concern regarding potential non-infectious adverse health effects of fungal exposures in indoor environments; inadequate toxicological data available evaluating potential systemic toxicity from long-term exposure to this organism under relevant exposure scenarios.
BSC Review Meeting: October 26, 2004
Supporting Documentation
 
Sulfolane
CASRN: [126-33-0]
Nominator: Fairbanks North Star Borough Mayor; Alaska Department of Health and Social Services; Alaska State Senator John Coghill; Centers for Disease Control / National Center for Environmental Health / Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
Rationale: High production volume and use in oil and gas refining; public concern related to groundwater contamination in Alaska; inadequate data to evaluate potential adverse health effects from long-term exposures.
BSC Review Meeting: December 15, 2011
Supporting Documentation

Synthetic Turf/Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber
CASRN: [N/A]
Nominator: California Environmental Protection Agency Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment
Rationale: Crumb rubber is made from waste tires and is used in the manufacturing of synthetic turf and playground mats. Tires are composed of natural rubber, synthetic polymers, carbon black, metals, and additives that make the material resistant to degradation; substances with known human health risks.
BSC Review Meeting: June 16, 2016

T

Terpinolene
CASRN: [586-62-9]
Nominator: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
Rationale: Ongoing and planned industry testing efforts; better characterization of uses and potential human exposures; study results for structurally related compounds.
BSC Review Meeting: May 24, 2000 
Supporting Documentation

Tetrabromobisphenol A
CASRN: [79-94-7]
Nominator: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
Rationale: High production volume, widespread human exposure and suspicion of thyroid toxicity/tumorigenicity.
BSC Review Meeting: September 10, 2003
Supporting Documentation

Tetrabromobisphenol A Bis(2,3-dibromopropyl ether)
CASRN: [21850-44-2]
Nominator: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
Rationale: High production volume; little toxicity data available; suspicion of carcinogenic potential due to 2,3-dibromo-1-propanol substructure.
BSC Review Meeting: September 10, 2003
Supporting Documentation

Tetrabromophthalic Anhydride
CASRN: [632-79-1]
Nominator: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
Rationale: Ongoing and planned industry testing efforts; better characterization of uses and potential human exposures.
BSC Review Meeting: May 24, 2000
Supporting Documentation

Texanol Benzyl Phthalate
CASRN: [16883-83-3] [32333-99-6]
Nominator: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
Rationale: Ongoing and planned industry testing efforts; better characterization of uses and potential human exposures.
BSC Review Meeting: May 24, 2000
Supporting Documentation

Thallium and Thallium Salts
    Metallic Thallium (TI)
    Thallium & Salts
    Thallium (I) Acetate 
    Thallium (I) Carbonate
    Thallium (I) Chlorate
    Thallium (I) Chloride
    Thallium (I) Nitrate
    Thallium (I) Oxide
    Thallium (III) Oxide
    Thallium Selenide
    Thallium (I) Selenite
    Thallium Sulfate
    Thallium (I) Sulfate
CASRN: [7440-28-0] [563-68-8] [6533-73-9] [13453-30-0] [7791-12-0] [10102-45-1] [1314-12-1] [1314-32-5] [12039-52-0] [15123-92-9] [10031-59-1] [7446-18-6] 
Nominator: Environmental Protection Agency 
Rationale: General human exposure through water, diet, inhalation, and poisoning. In addition to being clearly fatal at high doses, no adequate studies of chronic or subchronic mammalian toxicity have been done.
BSC Review Meeting: June 16, 2016

Triclocarban
CASRN: [101-20-2]
Nominator: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
Rationale: Extensive use as a disinfectant coinciding with high potential for human exposure and endocrine activity.
BSC Review Meeting: June 18, 2014
Supporting Documentation

Triclosan
CASRN: [3380-34-5]
Nominator: Private Individual; Food and Drug Administration
Rationale: Widespread use in consumer products; frequent and long-term exposure for all age groups; lack of adequate toxicity data for dermal exposures.
BSC Review Meeting: November 20, 2008
Supporting Documentation

Trifluoromethylbenzene
CASRN: [98-08-8]
Nominator: National Cancer Institute
Rationale: High production volume and potential for increased use; potential worker exposures; lack of adequate toxicological data; demonstrated toxicity in short-term studies .
BSC Review Meeting: June 13, 2006
Supporting Documentation

Trimethylsilyldiazomethane
CASRN: [18107-18-1]
Nominator: Occupational Safety and Health Administration
Rationale: Low volume production and use as a reagent in synthetic and analytical chemistry; developed and promoted as a safer substitute for diazomethane; inadequate toxicological data; case reports of severe lung injury and death in exposed laboratory personnel.
BSC Review Meeting: December 15, 2011
Supporting Documentation

4,7,10-Trioxatridecane-1,13-diamine
CASRN: [4246-51-9]
Nominator: National Cancer Institute
Rationale: High production volume; potential worker exposures; lack of adequate toxicological data; acutely toxic.
BSC Review Meeting: June 11, 2008
Supporting Documentation

Tris(4-chlorophenyl)methanol, Tris(4-chlorophenyl)Methane 
CASRN: [3010-80-8] [27575-78-6]
Nominator: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
Rationale: Widespread occurrence and persistence in the environment; suspicion of toxicity based on anti-androgenic activity; lack of adequate toxicity data.
BSC Review Meeting: July 23, 2009
Supporting Documentation

Tungsten
CASRN: [7440-33-7]
Nominator: National Center for Environmental Health
Rationale: Important industrial materials; insufficient data to assess human health implications of elevated urinary tungsten levels.
BSC Review Meeting: September 10, 2003
Supporting Documentation

Tungsten Trioxide and Fibrous Tungsten Suboxides
CASRN: [1314-35-8]
Nominator: National Cancer Institute
Rationale: Important industrial raw materials; one of several metals that may form toxic fibrous "whiskers"; carcinogenic potential of tungsten (vs. cemented tungsten carbide) is not adequately characterized.
BSC Review Meeting: October 26, 2004
Supporting Documentation

Turpentine
CASRN: [8006-64-2]
Nominator: International Union; United Auto Workers
Rationale: Widespread occupational and consumer exposure; reports of kidney toxicity in exposed humans; insufficient chronic toxicity information.
BSC Review Meeting: September 17, 2002
Supporting Documentation

U

Undecane
CASRN: [1120-21-4]
Nominator: National Cancer Institute
Rationale: Widespread industrial use and environmental occurrence as air pollutant; suspicion of carcinogenicity but no adequate carcinogenicity study available.
BSC Review Meeting: October 26, 2004
Supporting Documentation

Usnic acid and Usnea herb
CASRN: [125-46-2] [N/A]
Nominator: Food and Drug Administration
Rationale: Widely used in dietary supplement and personal care products; lack of adequate toxicological data; numerous human adverse event reports.
BSC Review Meeting: August 18, 2005
Supporting Documentation

V

Valerian (Valeriana officinalis L.) Root Extract, Valerian Oil
CASRN: [8057-49-6] [8008-88-6]
Nominator: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
Rationale: Use as a dietary supplement; lack of toxicological data; concern for adverse developmental and reproductive effects.
BSC Review Meeting: December 10, 2009
Supporting Documentation

Vanadium, Tetravalent and Pentavalent Forms
CASRN: [No CAS No.]
Nominator: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Environmental Protection Agency
Rationale: Widespread occurrence as drinking water contaminant and use as a dietary supplement; EPA Drinking Water Contaminant Candidate List research need; pentavalent form carcinogenic via inhalation route; inadequate data to assess risk of oral exposures.
BSC Review Meeting: June 11, 2008
Supporting Documentation
Research Concept
 
Vinpocetine
CASRN: [42971-09-5]
Nominator: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
Rationale: Consumer exposure through dietary supplement use; suspicion of toxicity; lack of adequate toxicological data.
BSC Review Meeting: June 7, 2012
Supporting Documents

Vincamine
CASRN: [1616-90-9]
Nominator: National Cancer Institute
Rationale: Consumer exposure through dietary supplement use; suspicion of toxicity; lack of adequate toxicological data.
BSC Review Meeting: August 18, 2005
Supporting Documentation

W

Welding Fumes
    Gas Metal Arc Welding with Stainless Steel Electrode
    Gas Metal Arc Welding with Mild Steel Electrode
    Manual Arc Welding with Stainless Steel Electrode
CASRN: [N/A]
Nominator: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health; International Union, United Auto Workers
Rationale: Widespread occupational exposure; evidence for toxicity of mixture and components; gaps in available health effects data.
BSC Review Meeting: September 17, 2002
Supporting Documentation

West Virginia Elk River Chemical Spill
    Crude MCHM
    Dimethyl 1,4-Cyclohexanedicarboxylate
    1,4-Cyclohexanedimethanol
    Dipropylene Glycol Phenyl Ether
    Methanol
    4-Methoxymethylcyclohexylmethanol
    Methyl 4-Methylcyclohexanecarboxylate
    4-Methylcyclohexanemethanol
    Propylene Glycol Phenyl Ether
CASRN: [94-60-0] [105-08-8] [51730-94-0] [67-56-1] [98955-27-2] [51181-40-9] [34885-03-5] [770-35-4]
Nominator: Centers for Disease Control; National Center for Environmental Health; Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
Rationale: An estimated 10,000 gallons of crude 4-methylcyclohexanemethanol (MCHM), along with propylene glycol phenyl ether (PPh) and dipropylene glycol phenyl ether (DiPPh) spilled into the Elk River just upstream from the Kanawha County municipal water intake in Charleston, West Virginia, and subsequently entered the water distribution system serving nearly 300,000 people.
BSC Review Meeting: June 18, 2014
Supporting Documentation

X

Xylenes (mixed)
CASRN: [1330-20-7]
Nominator: ATSDR (Agency for Toxicity Substances and Disease Registry) 
Rationale: Inadequate information on the health effects of Xylenes, hazardous substances, found at National Priorities List waste sites is available. Where adequate information is not available, ATSDR, in conjunction with the NTP, is required to assure the initiation of a program of research designed to determine the health effects of such substances.
BSC Review Meeting: June 17, 2014
Supporting Documentation

Y

Yohimbe Bark Extract/Yohimbine
CASRN: [85117-22-2] [146-48-5]
Nominator: National Cancer Institute
Rationale: Significant human exposure through use as a dietary supplement; suspicion of carcinogenicity of yohimbine based on structural similarity to reserpine.
BSC Review Meeting: May 24, 2000
Supporting Documentation

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Z

None