2,4-D |
2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid |
3Rs |
Principles of replacement, reduction, or refinement of animal use for scientific research or product safety testing |
A |
Adenine |
AA |
Aristolochic acid |
AAN |
Aristolochic acid nephropathy |
ABF |
Artificial butter flavoring(s) |
ACCK |
Accidentally Killed |
ACGIH |
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists |
ACD |
Allergic contact dermatitis |
ADH |
Alcohol dehydrogenase |
ADME |
Absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion |
ADMET CoE |
Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion, and Toxicology Center of Excellence (U.S. Department of Defense) |
AIDS |
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome |
ALT |
Alanine transaminase |
ANSI |
American National Standards Institute |
AOP |
Adverse outcome pathway |
AP1 |
Activator protein 1 |
AR |
Androgen receptor |
ASCCT |
American Society for Cellular and Computational Toxicology |
AST |
American Society of Transplantation |
ATLL |
Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma |
ATSDR |
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry |
AZT |
Azidothymidine |
BEI |
Biological exposure index |
BEN |
Balkan endemic nephropathy |
BOP |
Bureau of Prisons |
BRCA |
Breast cancer susceptibility proteins |
BSC |
Board of Scientific Counselors |
b.w. |
Body weight |
C |
Cytosine |
cART |
Combined antiretroviral therapy |
CAS |
Chemical Abstracts Service |
CAS No. |
Chemical Abstracts Service Registry number |
CASRN |
Chemical Abstracts Service Registry number |
CDC |
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |
C. elegans |
Caenorhabditis elegans, a type of roundworm |
CFR |
Code of Federal Regulations |
CEBS |
Chemical Effects in Biological Systems (National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences) |
CG W/BD |
Cage With Bedding |
CG WO/BD |
Cage Without Bedding |
CHO |
Chinese hamster ovary |
CI |
Confidence interval |
C.I. |
Colour Index™ |
CIN |
Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia |
CLARITY-BPA |
Consortium Linking Academic and Regulatory Insights on Bisphenol A Toxicity |
CoCrMo |
Cobalt-chromium-molybdenum |
COX |
Cyclooxygenase |
CPSC |
Consumer Product Safety Commission |
CVB |
Center for Veterinary Biologics (U.S. Department of Agriculture) |
CYP |
Cytochrome P450 |
dA-AAI |
7-(deoxyadenosin-N6-yl)-aristolactam I |
dA-AAII |
7-(deoxyadenosin-N6-yl)-aristolactam II |
DACC |
Dosing Accident |
DDD |
1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane |
DDE |
1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene |
DDT |
Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane |
dec |
Decomposes |
dG |
Deoxyguanosine |
dG-AAI |
7-(deoxyguanosin-N2-yl)-aristolactam I |
dG-AAII |
7-(deoxyguanosin-N2-yl)-aristolactam II |
DHHS |
Department of Health and Human Services |
DHP |
Dihydropyrrolizine |
DHS |
Department of Homeland Security |
DMDTC |
Dimethyldithiocarbamate |
DNA |
Deoxyribonucleic acid |
DNase |
Deoxyribonuclease |
DNT |
Dinotrotoluene |
DOE |
U.S. Department of Energy |
DoD |
U.S. Department of Defense |
DOI |
- U.S. Department of the Interior
- Digital object identifier
|
DOT |
U.S. Department of Transportation |
DREAM |
Dialogue for Reverse Engineering Assessments and Methods |
DTT |
Division of Translational Toxicology (Formally Division of the National Toxicology Program) at National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences |
DVA |
U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs |
EBNA |
Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen |
EBV |
Epstein-Barr virus |
ed. |
- Edition
- Editor(s)
|
EDQM |
European Directorate for the Quality of Medicines and HealthCare |
EDSP |
Endocrine Disruptor Screening Program (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency) |
EFV |
Efavirenz |
EPA |
Environmental Protection Agency |
EURL ECVAM |
European Union Reference Laboratory for Alternatives to Animal Testing |
F344 |
Fischer 344 (rats) |
FANC |
Fanconi anemia complementation group proteins |
FDA |
U.S. Food and Drug Administration |
FACA |
Federal Advisory Committee Act |
FR |
Federal Register |
FTC |
Emtricitabine (also known as 2',3'-dideoxy-5-fluoro-3'-thiacytidine) |
G |
Guanine |
Gav-Dea |
Gavage Death |
GST |
Glutathione S-transferase |
GST-P+ |
Glutathione S-transferase placental form positive |
GSTT1 |
Glutathione S-transferase theta 1 hour(s) |
HAART |
Highly active antiretroviral therapy |
HAM/TSP |
HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis |
HBeAg |
Hepatitis B e antigen |
HBsAg |
Hepatitis B surface antigen |
HBV |
Hepatitis B virus |
HBZ |
HTLV-1 basic leucine zipper factor |
HCA |
Heterocyclic amine |
HCT/Ps |
Human cells, tissues, and cellular and tissue-based products |
HCV |
Hepatitis C virus |
HHE |
Health Hazard Evaluation (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health) |
HHV |
Human herpesvirus |
HHS |
Health and Human Services |
HIF-1α |
Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha |
HIST |
Murine histamine sensitization test |
HIV |
Human immunodeficiency virus |
HIVMA |
HIV Medicine Association |
Housalon |
Housed Alone |
HpCDD |
Heptachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin |
HPLC |
High performance liquid chromatography |
HPV |
Human papillomavirus |
HRSA |
Health Resources and Services Administration |
HSDB |
Hazardous Substance Data Bank (National Library of Medicine) |
HTLV-1 |
Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 |
HTS |
High-throughput screening |
HUD |
Housing and Urban Development |
HxCDD |
Hexachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin |
IARC |
International Agency for Research on Cancer |
IATA |
Integrated approach to testing and assessment |
ICCVAM |
Interagency Coordinating Committee on the Validation of Alternative Methods |
ICH |
International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use |
IDLH |
Immediately dangerous to life and health |
IDSA |
Infectious Diseases Society of America |
IgG |
Immunoglobulin G |
IL |
Interleukin |
ILS |
Integrated Laboratory Systems, Inc. |
Intr-sac |
Interim Sacrifice |
IRIS |
Integrated Risk Information System |
ISO |
International Organization for Standardization |
IVIVE |
In vitro to in vivo extrapolation |
JaCVAM |
Japanese Center for the Validation of Alternative Methods |
JAK/STAT |
Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription |
JM |
Johns Manville |
Kdis |
Dissolution rate |
KoCVAM |
Korean Center for the Validation of Alternative Methods |
Kow |
Octanol-water partition coefficient |
KSHV |
Kaposi sarcoma–associated herpesvirus |
LD50 |
In traditional acute systemic toxicity tests, the dose that produces lethality in 50% of the animals tested |
LET |
Linear energy transfer |
LLNA |
Murine local lymph node assay |
LMP |
Latent membrane protein |
LT |
Large T antigen |
MAP |
Mitogen-activated protein |
MCA 38 |
Murine colon adenocarcinoma cell line |
MCL |
Maximum contaminant level |
MCPyV |
Merkel cell polyomavirus |
MCV |
Merkel cell polyomavirus |
min |
Minute(s) |
MISS |
Missing |
MMVF |
Man-made (or machine-made) vitreous fibers |
MOA |
Mode of action |
mol wt |
Molecular weight |
mRR |
Meta–relative risk |
MSAC |
Moribund Sacrifice |
N BOTTLE |
New Bottle |
N FEEDER |
New Feeder |
N/A |
Not applicable |
NAC/AEGL |
National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances |
NADPH |
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, reduced form |
NAICS |
North American Industrial Classification System |
NATD |
Natural Death |
NCEH/ATSDR |
National Center for Environmental Health/Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry |
NCI |
National Cancer Institute |
NCSU |
North Carolina State University |
NC3Rs |
National Centre for the 3Rs (United Kingdom) |
NCTR |
National Center for Toxicological Research |
ND |
Not detected |
NextGen |
Advancing the Next Generation of Risk Assessment |
NF |
Nuclear factor |
NF-κB |
Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells |
NHANES |
National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey |
NHL |
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma |
NICEATM |
NTP Interagency Center for the Evaluation of Alternative Toxicological Methods |
NIEHS |
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences |
NIH |
National Institutes of Health |
NIOSH |
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health |
NK |
Natural killer |
NLM |
National Library of Medicine (National Institutes of Health) |
NNK |
4-(N-nitrosomethylamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone |
NNN |
N-nitrosonornicotine |
No. |
Number |
NOHS |
National Occupational Hazard Survey |
NOT APPL |
Not Applicable |
NOT SPEC |
Not specified |
NR |
Not reported |
NRC |
Nuclear Regulatory Commission |
Nrf2 |
Nuclear respiratory factor 2 |
NTP |
National Toxicology Program |
O BOTTLE |
Old Bottle |
O FEEDER |
Old Feeder |
OCDD |
Octachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin |
OECD |
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development |
OHAT |
Office of Health Assessment and Translation |
OPTN |
Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network |
OR |
Odds ratio |
OSHA |
Occupational Safety and Health Administration |
P&G |
Procter & Gamble |
PACs |
Polycyclic aromatic compounds |
PAH |
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon |
PBDEs |
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers |
PCDD |
Polychlorinated dibenzodioxin |
PCDF |
Polychlorinated dibenzofuran |
PCP |
Pentachlorophenol |
PCR |
Polymerase chain reaction |
PEL |
Permissible exposure limit |
PFOA |
Perfluorooctanoic acid |
PFOS |
Perfluorooctane sulfonate |
PHS |
Public Health Service |
Phy-Ab |
Physically Abnormal |
PISC |
PETA International Science Consortium, Ltd. |
PI3 |
Phosphoinositide 3 |
pKb |
Dissociation constant |
PVC |
Polyvinyl chloride |
QSAR |
Quantitative structure-activity relationship |
r |
Correlation coefficient |
r2 |
Coefficient of determination |
R-DHP |
R-dihydropyrrolizine |
REL |
Recommended exposure limit |
RfC |
Inhalation reference concentration |
RfD |
Oral reference dose |
REACH |
Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (European Union legislation) |
RNA |
Ribonucleic acid |
RoC |
Report on Carcinogens |
ROS |
Reactive oxygen species |
RQ |
Reportable quantity |
RR |
- Relative risk (risk ratio or rate ratio)
- Research report
|
s |
Second |
S&S |
Schleicher & Schuell |
SACATM |
Scientific Advisory Committee on Alternative Toxicological Methods |
S-DHP |
S-dihydropyrrolizine |
SDS |
Safety Data Sheet |
SEAZIT |
Systematic Evaluation of the Application of Zebrafish in Toxicology (National Toxicology Program) |
SIR |
Standardized incidence ratio |
SMR |
Standardized mortality ratio |
Spec-Ctl |
Special Control |
Spec_std |
Special Study |
spp. |
Species (plural) |
SoT |
Society of Toxicology |
Srv/Sent |
Survey/Sentinel |
SSAC W/O NEC |
Scheduled Sacrifice without Necropsy |
ssRNA |
Single-stranded RNA |
sT |
Small T antigen |
STAIN BD |
Stained Bedding |
STE |
Short time exposure |
STEL |
Short-term exposure limit |
suppl. |
Supplement |
T |
- Thymine
- Tumor
|
TCBQ |
Tetrachlorobenzoquinone |
TCDD |
Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin |
TCE |
Trichloroethylene |
TCHQ |
Tetrachlorohydroquinone |
TCLP |
Toxicity characteristic leaching procedure |
TDF |
Tenofovir |
Term-Sac |
Terminal Sacrifice |
TLAC |
Transfer to Lactation |
TLV |
Threshold-limit value |
TNT |
Trinitrotoluene |
Tox21 |
Toxicology in the 21st Century; collaborative effort among four U.S. federal government agencies to develop more efficient approaches to predict how chemicals may affect human health |
ToxCast |
Toxicity Forecaster (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency) |
TOXNET |
Toxicology Data Network (National Library of Medicine) |
TPQ |
Threshold planning quantity |
TRI |
Toxics Release Inventory |
TSAC |
Terminal Sacrifice |
TSCA |
Toxic Substances Control Act |
TSNA |
Tobacco-specific nitrosamine(s) |
TTNP |
Transfer to Next Phase |
TURA |
Toxics Use Reduction Act |
TWA |
Time-weighted average |
U.S. |
United States |
USAI |
United States of America Standards Institute |
U.S.C. |
United States Code |
USDA |
U.S. Department of Agriculture |
USGS |
U.S. Geological Survey (U.S. Department of the Interior) |
UV |
Ultraviolet |
UVR |
Ultraviolet radiation |
VCA |
Viral capsid antigen |
VOC |
Volatile organic chemical |
vol. |
Volume |
v/v |
Volume-volume ratio |
WC |
Tungsten carbide |
WET BED |
Wet Bedding |
WHO |
World Health Organization |
Wrng-Sex |
Wrong Sex |
wt. |
Weight |
XCEL |
Ex Vivo Countermeasure Evolution and Licensure Program (U.S. Department of Defense) |
Yr |
Year |