Stomach, Forestomach - Ulcer




comment:
An ulcer ( Figure 1




recommendation:
Ulcers of the forestomach should be diagnosed whenever present. They should be graded based on the extent, number, and depth of the lesions. Secondary lesions, such as edema, inflammation, and hyperplasia of the adjacent epithelium, are not diagnosed separately unless they are prominent components of the lesion or they are considered a primary lesion (e.g., the hyperplasia occurred prior to the ulcer). Necrosis of the epithelium is diagnosed instead of ulcer if the necrotic epithelium is still present and attached to the underlying lamina propria (see Stomach, Forestomach - Necrosis).related links:
Stomach, Forestomach - Necrosisreferences:
Bertram TA, Markovits JE, Juliana MM. 1996. Non-proliferative lesions of the alimentary canal in rats GI-1. In Guides for Toxicologic Pathology. STP/ARP/AFIP, Washington, DC, 1-16. Full Text: https://www.toxpath.org/docs/SSNDC/GINonproliferativeRat.pdf
Betton GR. 1998. The digestive system I: The gastrointestinal tract and exocrine pancreas. In: Target Organ Pathology (Turton J, Hooson J, eds). Taylor and Francis, London, 29-60. Abstract: http://www.amazon.com/Target-Organ-Pathology-Basic-Text/dp/0748401571
Brown HR, Hardisty JF. 1990. Oral cavity, esophagus and stomach. In: Pathology of the Fischer Rat (Boorman GA, Montgomery CA, MacKenzie WF, eds). Academic Press, San Diego, CA, 9-30. Abstract: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog/9002563
Leininger JR, Jokinen MP, Dangler CA, Whiteley LO. 1999. Oral cavity, esophagus, and stomach. In: Pathology of the Mouse (Maronpot RR, ed). Cache River Press, St Louis, MO, 29-48. Abstract: http://www.cacheriverpress.com/books/pathmouse.htm
Puurunen J, Huttunen P, Hirvonen H. 1980. Is ethanol-induced damage of the gastric mucosa a hyperosmotic effect? Comparative studies on the effects of ethanol, some other hyperosmotic solutions, and acetyl-salicylic acid on rat gastric mucosa. Acta Pharmacol Toxicol (Copenh) 47:321-327. Abstract: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1600-0773.1980.tb01567.x/abstract
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