Heart, Myocardium - Vacuolation, Cytoplasmic



comment:
Cardiomyocyte vacuolation ( Figure 1



due to disintegration of their outer membranes. In other cases, vacuolation forms from distension of the sarcoplasmic reticulum within cardiomyocytes. Electron microscopic examination may be used to positively identify the source and content of the vacuoles.
recommendation:
Cytoplasmic vacuolation of the cardiomyocytes should be diagnosed whenever present. It should be graded based on the extent of the lesion. The distribution of the vacuolation (i.e., focal, multifocal, or diffuse), as well as the location (i.e., right, left, or interventricular wall), should be described in the pathology narrative. If vacuolation is considered part of the spectrum of changes in cardiomyopathy, it should not be diagnosed separately but may be mentioned in the pathology narrative.references:
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Dunnick JK, Lieuallen W, Moyer C, Orzech D, Nyska A. 2004. Cardiac damage in rodents after exposure to bis(2-chloroethoxy)methane. Toxicol Pathol 32:309-317. Abstract: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15204972
Jokinen MP, Lieuallen WG, Johnson CL, Dunnick J, Nyska A. 2005. Characterization of spontaneous and chemically induced cardiac lesions in rodent model systems: The National Toxicology Program experience. Cardiovasc Toxicol 5:227-244. Abstract: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16046796
Jokinen MP, Boyle M, Lieuallen WG, Johnson CL, Malarkey DE, Nyska A. 2011. Morphologic aspects of rodent cardiotoxicity in a retrospective evaluation of National Toxicology Program studies. Toxicol Pathol 39(5):850-860. Abstract: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21747121
Rahman A, Kessler A, More N, Sikic B, Rowden G, Woolley P, Schein PS. 1980. Liposomal protection of adriamycin-induced cardiotoxicity in mice. Cancer Res 40(5):1532-1537. Abstract: http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/40/5/1532
Schmitz FJ, Rosen P, Reinauer H. 1995. Improvement of myocardial function and metabolism in diabetic rats by the carnitine palmitoyl transferase inhibitor Etomoxir. Horm Metab Res 27(12):515-522. Abstract: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8750778
Web page last updated on: April 19, 2017