Harderian Gland – Necrosis

comment:
Necrosis is characterized by cell swelling, nuclear pyknosis and/or karyorhexis, and loss of cellular and architectural detail. Extensive tissue necrosis is characterized by effacement of the normal architecture and replacement by necrotic cell debris ( Figure 1

recommendation:
If Harderian gland necrosis is a primary change (especially if related to treatment), it should be diagnosed and assigned a severity grade. If necrosis is a feature of other lesions (e.g., extensive inflammation), it should not be diagnosed separately (unless warranted by severity), though it should be described in the pathology narrative. Associated lesions, such as inflammation, hemorrhage, or mineralization, should not be diagnosed separately, unless warranted by severity.references:
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Carlson BM, Rainin EA. 1985. Rat extraocular muscle regeneration: Repair of local anesthetic-induced damage. Arch Ophthalmol 103:1373-1377. Abstract: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4038130
Carthew P, Slinger RP. 1982. Diagnosis of sialodacryoadenitis virus infection of rats in a virulent enzootic outbreak. Lab Anim 15:339-342. Abstract: http://lan.sagepub.com/content/15/4/339.short
National Toxicology Program. 1992. NTP TR-388. Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Ethylene Thiourea (CAS: 96-45-7) in F344 Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Feed Studies). NTP, Research Triangle Park, NC. Abstract: https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/go/12227
O’Steen WK, Kraeer SL, Shear CR. 1978. Extraocular muscle and Harderian gland degeneration and regeneration after exposure of rats to continuous fluorescent illumination. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 17:847-856. Abstract: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/700964/
Strum JM, Shear CR. 1982. Constant light exposure induces damage and squamous metaplasia in Harderian glands of albino mice. Tissue Cell 14:149-161. Abstract: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7089962
Yoshitomi K, Boorman GA. 1990. Eye and associated glands. In: Pathology of the Fischer Rat: Reference and Atlas (Boorman GA, Eustis SL, Elwell MR, Montgomery CA, MacKenzie WF, eds). Academic Press, San Diego, CA, 239-260. Abstract: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog/9002563
Web page last updated on: October 24, 2014